ANALISING THE EFFICIENCY OF AML REGIME The higher the benefits from criminal activities the harder it becomes to hide it in the public eye. This kind of inevitable necessity is giving rise to money laundering. Toward this hiding technique today it seems that anti-money laundering measures (AML) seem not to be very efficient. This lack of efficiency is related: First to the definition of ML. The variation of definitions on ML raises discussions on issues such as “unlawful source of money”, “the predicate crimes”, “the laundering”, “knowledge of the offender” etc. In front of such a reality efforts is done to converge the theoretical and criminal characteristics of money laundering. Second to the very process of ML ( three stages : placement, layering and integration) as well as its most attractive fields such as financial institutions, service industries, trade companies, special professions and modern technology. Third to the developing countries. Today money launderers are tending to move toward safer shelters, such as developing countries. These sites seem to offer more opportunities for them for many reasons such as weak legislation, bad coordination of law enforcement agencies. But the most important seem to be the fact that they are under strong need for capital in support of their economic growth. Fourth to the lack of motivation. There is a risk of instilling in society the idea of positive effects of ML. This risk must be confronted by identification of real effects arising from money laundering. MANAGERIAL CHALLENGES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST ML On such situation challenges arise from the managerial point of view. First the development of a methodology or a mechanism that can weigh the impact of AML measures Second the harmonization of joint efforts of law enforcement agencies to make possible a comprehensive approach on ML that transcends state borders.